\u3000\u3000\u5317\u4eac7\u67088\u65e5\u7535 \u9898\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f0f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u897f\u65b9\u8ff7\u601d<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u4f5c\u8005 \u5f20\u5965\u6797 \u9648\u5929\u6d69<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u65e5\u524d\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6c38\u8446\u751f\u673a\u7684\u6839\u672c\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f0f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u515a\u5916\u4ea4\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5916\u56fd\u8bed\u5b66\u9662\u533a\u57df\u56fd\u522b\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3001\u6559\u5de5\u515a\u652f\u90e8\u4e66\u8bb0\u8096\u6d0b\u548c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u8054\u90a6\u4eba\u6587\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u9a6c\u514b\u6797(Colin Mackerras)\u505a\u5ba2”\u4e2d\u5916\u5bf9\u8bdd”\u680f\u76ee\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u6df1\u5ea6\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u6c38\u8446\u751f\u673a\u7684\u201c\u79d8\u8bc0\u201d\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u7406\u8bba\u521b\u65b0\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u81f3\u4e0a<\/strong><\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u98ce\u534e104\u8f7d\u8d70\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u65fa\u76db\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u529b\u3002\u5f53\u88ab\u95ee\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4fdd\u6301\u751f\u673a\u6d3b\u529b\u7684”\u79d8\u8bc0”\u65f6\uff0c\u8096\u6d0b\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u63a2\u7d22\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a”\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u59cb\u7ec8\u575a\u6301\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e2d\u56fd\u5316\u3001\u65f6\u4ee3\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u521b\u65b0\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u521b\u65b0\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u521b\u65b0\u3002”<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u4ece\u4e25\u6cbb\u515a\uff0c\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6c38\u8446\u751f\u673a\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u201c\u515a\u59cb\u7ec8\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u5e7f\u5927\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u4ee5\u4eba\u6c11\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u51c0\u5316\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u9769\u65b0\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u81ea\u8eab\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\u3002\u201d\u8096\u6d0b\u5f3a\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u4f5c\u4e3a\u957f\u671f\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u6797\u4ece\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u72ec\u7279\u89c1\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000”\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u867d\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ef7\u503c\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u6027\u3002”\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c”\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u53ca\u5176\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u60c5\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u4e14\u5b9e\u8df5\u6210\u679c\u6781\u4e3a\u6210\u529f\u3002”<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u9a6c\u514b\u6797\u7279\u522b\u8d5e\u8d4f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\uff1a”\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8c03\u6574\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5207\u5b9e\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6307\u5bfc\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u5c24\u4e3a\u663e\u8457\u3002”<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u9a6c\u514b\u6797\u6307\u51fa\uff0c”\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u59cb\u7ec8\u5c06’\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c11\u670d\u52a1’\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5176\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002”\u4ed6\u4e3e\u4f8b\u9053\uff0c”\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\u4e2d\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u961f\u6551\u63f4\u3001\u6539\u5584\u6c11\u751f\u7b49\u4e3e\u63aa\uff0c\u5207\u5b9e\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u6267\u653f\u4e3a\u6c11\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3002”<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u4f4d1964\u5e74\u5c31\u9996\u6b21\u6765\u534e\u7684\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u957f\u8fbe60\u4f59\u5e74\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a”\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u65e5\u76ca\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5728\u56e2\u7ed3\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u9636\u5c42\u3001\u51dd\u805a\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u529b\u91cf\u65b9\u9762\u6210\u6548\u663e\u8457\u3002”<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f0f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e\u65b0\u5f62\u6001<\/strong><\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u79d1\u6280\u521b\u65b0\u3001\u6c11\u751f\u6539\u5584\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e3e\u4e16\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f0f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u4e5f\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5c31\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u5316\u201d\u7684\u8ff7\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u9a6c\u514b\u6797\u4ece\u6587\u5316\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u3002”\u4e2d\u56fd\u59cb\u7ec8\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5951\u5408\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u3001\u589e\u5f3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u529b\u4ee5\u8d62\u5f97\u56fd\u9645\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002”\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c”\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5e76\u975e\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ffd\u6c42’\u8d85\u7ea7\u5927\u56fd’\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u903b\u8f91\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002”<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u9a6c\u514b\u6797\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa\uff1a”\u901a\u5f80\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u9053\u8def\u5e76\u975e\u53ea\u6709\u897f\u65b9\u5316\u4e00\u6761\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u5374\u672a\u7b80\u5355\u7167\u642c\u897f\u65b9\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002”<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u9053\u8def\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u6587\u660e\u6839\u57fa\u3002\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\uff1a”\u4e2d\u56fd\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3001\u884c\u4e8b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u6cbb\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u8def\u5f84\u5fc5\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u81ea\u8eab\u6587\u660e\u5c5e\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002”<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u8096\u6d0b\u5219\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f0f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5b9e\u8df5”\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5f0f”\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e”\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u5784\u65ad\u3001\u8303\u5f0f\u5784\u65ad\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u50f5\u5316”\u3002<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8bc1\u660e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u81ea\u8eab\u7279\u8272\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\uff0c”\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u3001\u5168\u7403\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e2d\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u667a\u6167”\u3002<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u653f\u515a\u5916\u4ea4\u65b0\u8303\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u5584\u6cbb\u63d0\u4f9b\u91cd\u8981\u52a9\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u901a\u8fc7”\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u515a\u9ad8\u5c42\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4f1a”\u7b49\u521b\u65b0\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u5021\u5bfc\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u7c7b\u547d\u8fd0\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0e\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u515a\u5206\u4eab\u6cbb\u56fd\u7406\u653f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u8096\u6d0b\u8868\u793a\uff1a”\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u515a\u52aa\u529b\u63a2\u7d22\u5728\u65b0\u578b\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u6c42\u540c\u5b58\u5f02\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u5c0a\u91cd\u3001\u4e92\u5b66\u4e92\u9274\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u653f\u515a\u5173\u7cfb\u3002”\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ee5\u653f\u515a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u521b\u65b0\uff0c”\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u5168\u7403\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027”\u3002<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u8096\u6d0b\u5206\u6790\u9053\uff1a”\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6df1\u5165\u628a\u63e1\u4e16\u754c\u5f62\u52bf\u53d1\u5c55\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u653f\u515a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u603b\u7ed3\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u515a\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5927\u56fd\u653f\u515a\u5174\u8870\u6210\u8d25\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u81ea\u8eab\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5316\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6267\u653f\u89c4\u5f8b\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u8bbe\u89c4\u5f8b\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002”\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a2\u7d22\u4e3a\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u515a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u501f\u9274\u3002<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u9a6c\u514b\u6797\u5219\u4ece\u56fd\u9645\u683c\u5c40\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff1a”\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee5’\u4fdd\u6301\u9886\u5148’\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5982’\u8ba9\u7f8e\u56fd\u518d\u6b21\u4f1f\u5927’\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5355\u6781\u9738\u6743\u601d\u7ef4\uff1b\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3b\u5f20\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u7c7b\u547d\u8fd0\u5171\u540c\u4f53\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u6587\u660e\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e0e\u5171\u540c\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u65e0\u610f\u6210\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u7684’\u4e3b\u5bfc\u8005’\u3002”<\/p>\n \u3000\u3000\u9a6c\u514b\u6797\u8fd8\u5f15\u7528\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u7c73\u5c14\u65af\u6d77\u9ed8\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u51fa\uff1a”‘\u5355\u6781\u65f6\u4ee3'(1991\u5e74\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u81f32017-2018\u5e74)\u5df2\u968f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d1\u5c55\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u3002”\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a”\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e0c\u671b\u6210\u4e3a\u591a\u6781\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u79ef\u6781\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u56fd\u9645\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5784\u65ad\u8bdd\u8bed\u6743\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7b49\u5168\u7403\u6027\u8bae\u9898\u4e0a\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002”<\/p>\n 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