{"id":43423,"date":"2025-05-20T14:56:01","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T18:56:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chinesepress.com\/2025\/05\/20\/%e9%ad%81%e5%8c%97%e5%85%8b%e4%ba%ba%e5%88%b0%e5%ba%95%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e4%ba%ba%ef%bc%9f%e5%85%ac%e5%bc%8f%e5%91%8a%e8%af%89%e4%bd%a0%ef%bc%9aq-fgbusa%c2%b2-r%ef%bc%81\/"},"modified":"2025-05-20T14:56:01","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T18:56:01","slug":"%e9%ad%81%e5%8c%97%e5%85%8b%e4%ba%ba%e5%88%b0%e5%ba%95%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e4%ba%ba%ef%bc%9f%e5%85%ac%e5%bc%8f%e5%91%8a%e8%af%89%e4%bd%a0%ef%bc%9aq-fgbusa%c2%b2-r%ef%bc%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chinesepress.com\/pre\/archives\/43423","title":{"rendered":"\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4eba\uff1f\u516c\u5f0f\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\uff1aQ=-(F)+(GB)+(USA)\u00b2-(R)\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u7248\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u2014\u2014\u201c\u5b83\u6709\u7740\u7684\u6df1\u539a\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u5374\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u6f14\u53d8\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u5438\u6536\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u56de\u7b54\u592a\u5bbd\u6cdb\u4e86\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7684\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u201d\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\uff1f\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\uff1f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7279\u7acb\u72ec\u884c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u201c\u72ec\u7279\u201d\u5230\u5e95\u6e90\u81ea\u4f55\u65b9\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u54b1\u5c31\u5f80\u767d\u4e86\u95ee\uff1a\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4eba\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5728\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u5854\u4eba\u6380\u52a8\u201c\u8131\u52a0\u201d\u8bf7\u613f\u3001\u4eba\u4eec\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u201c\u9b41\u72ec\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u8457\u540d\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u63d0\u53ca\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bf8\u591a\u8ba8\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u601d\u8003\u89d2\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\n<\/figure>\n

\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u8457\u540d\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f0a\u4e07\u00b7\u62c9\u8499\u5fb7\uff08Yvan Lamonde\uff09\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u201c\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u201d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u8fdc\u8d85\u4f20\u7edf\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u201d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u591a\u91cd\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6c47\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u516c\u5f0f<\/p>\n

\u62c9\u8499\u5fb7\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u516c\u5f0f\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u201c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6f14\u53d8\u201d\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u201c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n

Q = – (F) + (GB) + (USA)\u00b2 – (R)<\/p>\n

\u9b41\u5317\u514b = -\u6cd5\u56fd + \u82f1\u56fd + \u7f8e\u56fd\u00b2 – \u7f57\u9a6c<\/p>\n

– (F)\uff1a\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u6e90\u81ea\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea1763\u5e74\u82f1\u56fd\u63a5\u7ba1\u65b0\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5bf9\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n

+ (GB)\uff1a\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u88ab\u5438\u6536\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e8e19\u4e16\u7eaa\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u624e\u6839\u3002<\/p>\n

+ (USA)\u00b2\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u8fdc\u8d85\u6cd5\u56fd\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2013 (R)\uff1a\u7f57\u9a6c\uff08\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u66fe\u662f\u5317\u7f8e\u6700\u5177\u5b97\u6559\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u77401960\u5e74\u4ee3\u201c\u5bc2\u9759\u9769\u547d\u201d\uff08R\u00e9volution tranquille\uff09\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u6743\u529b\u8fc5\u901f\u8870\u9000\uff0c\u4e16\u4fd7\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7684\u201c\u7f8e\u6d32\u6027\u201d<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7ed9\u51fa\u516c\u5f0f\u540e\uff0c\u62c9\u8499\u5fb7\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u2014\u201c\u7f8e\u6d32\u6027\u201d\uff08am\u00e9ricanit\u00e9\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5317\u7f8e\u5927\u9646\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\n<\/figure>\n

1534 \u5e74-1763 \u5e74\uff0c\u84dd\u8272\uff1a\u65b0\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\uff1a\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\uff08\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\uff09\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u84dd\u7ea2\uff1a1713\u5e74\u6cd5\u56fd\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e4c\u5f97\u52d2\u652f\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u5272\u8ba9\u7ed9\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u6a59\u8272\uff1a\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4eba\u9886\u571f<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6cd5\u8bed\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u5ff5\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6cd5\u56fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7684\u201c\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u6587\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\u6df1\u53d7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e72\u9884\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u5ff5\uff1a\u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u6743\u5229\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u201d\u5728\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f20\u7edf\u201d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5951\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u5316\u8868\u8fbe\uff1a\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7684\u201c\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\u3001\u7535\u5f71\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u201d\u5f80\u5f80\u5e26\u6709\u201c\u5317\u7f8e\u98ce\u683c\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u98ce\u683c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u201d\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u8c01\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u4ecd\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u2014\u2014\u90e8\u5206\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u5e0c\u671b\u4fdd\u6301\u6cd5\u8bed\u6587\u5316\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u63a8\u52a8\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u72ec\u7acb\uff1b\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u5e94\u8be5\u63a5\u53d7\u5176\u5317\u7f8e\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4e0e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\n<\/figure>\n

\u5728\u62c9\u8499\u5fb7\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3001\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e2\u662f\u5317\u7f8e\u4eba\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u957f\u671f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u4f7f\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u878d\u5408\u201c\u6cd5\u56fd\u9057\u4ea7\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u201d\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4e43\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u7f8e\u6d32\u6587\u5316\u7248\u56fe\u4e2d\u201c\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u529b\u3001\u6781\u5177\u4e89\u8bae\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u6b8a\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u4f0a\u4e07\u00b7\u62c9\u8499\u5fb7\u7b80\u4ecb\u3011<\/p>\n

\u4f0a\u4e07\u00b7\u62c9\u8499\u5fb7\uff08Yvan Lamonde\uff09\u662f\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u8457\u540d\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n

\n<\/figure>\n

\u62c9\u8499\u5fb7\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e1944\u5e74\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u8499\u7279\u5229\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u62c9\u74e6\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u4ed6\u957f\u671f\u5728\u9ea6\u5409\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e2009\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u8be5\u6821\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n

\u62c9\u8499\u5fb7\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f3a\u8c03\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7684\u201c\u7f8e\u6d32\u6027\u201d\uff08am\u00e9ricanit\u00e9\uff09\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u66f4\u591a\u53d7\u5230\u201c\u5317\u7f8e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f20\u7edf\u201d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u201c\u6cd5\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u300b\uff08Histoire sociale des id\u00e9es au Qu\u00e9bec\uff09\u548c\u300a\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u601d\u60f3\u7b80\u53f2\u300b\uff08Br\u00e8ve histoire des id\u00e9es au Qu\u00e9bec\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

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