{"id":31360,"date":"2025-04-01T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-02T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chinesepress.com\/?p=31360"},"modified":"2025-04-01T10:54:39","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T14:54:39","slug":"%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e5%b0%87%e6%ad%a6%e4%be%b5%e5%8a%a0%e5%9c%8b%ef%bc%9f%e5%b0%88%e5%ae%b6%ef%bc%9a%e9%80%99%e6%a8%a3%e5%81%9a%e5%b0%87%e5%bc%95%e7%99%bc%e5%8f%9b%e4%ba%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chinesepress.com\/pre\/archives\/31360","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u570b\u5c07\u6b66\u4fb5\u52a0\u570b\uff1f\u5c08\u5bb6\uff1a\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u5c07\u5f15\u767c\u53db\u4e82"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u7f8e\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u5510\u7d0d\u5fb7-\u7279\u6717\u666e\u672a\u80fd\u5be6\u73fe\u5176\u901a\u904e\u7d93\u6fdf\u529b\u91cf\u541e\u4f75\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u65e2\u5b9a\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u8ecd\u968a\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u6703\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c08\u5bb6\u548c\u5b78\u8005\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u60f3\u6cd5\u592a\u8352\u8b2c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9023\u60f3\u90fd\u4e0d\u6562\u60f3\u3002\u4f46Aisha Ahmad\u4e0d\u9019\u9ebc\u8a8d\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u4f4d\u591a\u502b\u591a\u5927\u5b78\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u7576\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u529b\u91cf(\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861)\u6642\uff0c\u5165\u4fb5\u5c07\u7acb\u5373\u5c0e\u81f4\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6b66\u88dd\u90e8\u968a\u7684\u5931\u6557\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7279\u6717\u666e\u5f9e\u53bb\u5e7412\u6708\u958b\u59cb\u516c\u958b\u919e\u91c0\u8b93\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6210\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u7b2c51\u500b\u5dde\uff0c1\u67087\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u7f8e\u570b\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u52d5\u7528\u8ecd\u968a\u596a\u53d6\u683c\u9675\u862d\u5cf6\u548c\u5df4\u62ff\u99ac\u904b\u6cb3\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6b0a\u3002\u7576\u5929\uff0c\u7576\u88ab\u554f\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u6703\u52d5\u7528\u8ecd\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u541e\u4f75\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6642\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u56de\u7b54\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\uff0c\u6703\u7528\u7d93\u6fdf\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u201d \u9019\u4e9b\u717d\u52d5\u6027\u8a00\u8ad6\u8b93\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u4e0d\u7981\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u6703\u8d70\u591a\u9060\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u5982\u6b64\u5927\u81bd\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u652b\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7814\u7a76\u53db\u4e82\u5df2\u670920\u591a\u5e74\u7684Ahmad\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7f8e\u570b \u201c\u9b6f\u83bd \u201d\u5230\u5165\u4fb5\u5176\u5317\u65b9\u9130\u570b\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c0d\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u93ae\u58d3\u5c07\u9810\u793a\u7740\u9577\u9054\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u7684\u958b\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u541e\u4f75\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3002\u201d\u66fe\u70ba\u4e94\u89d2\u5927\u6a13\u5c07\u8ecd\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u53db\u4e82\u6230\u7565\u5efa\u8b70\u7684Ahmad\u8aaa\u3002\u201c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u5929\u751f\u5c31\u662f\u53db\u4e82\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u62b5\u6297\u6230\u58eb\u3002\u7576\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u6bcd\u89aa\u88ab\u6bba\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u7121\u6cd5\u53bb\u91ab\u9662\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u751f\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u53cd\u64ca\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9019\u9ebc\u505a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahmad\u8aaa\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u773e\u5c31\u6703\u958b\u59cb\u63a1\u53d6\u6eab\u548c\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6297\u547d\u884c\u52d5\u2014\u2014\u526a\u65b7\u96fb\u7dda\u3001\u632a\u7528\u8cc7\u91d1\u3001\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u5730\u632b\u6557\u5360\u9818\u8005\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5247\u6703\u5347\u7d1a\u70ba\u7834\u58de\u3001\u4f0f\u64ca\u548c\u8972\u64ca\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u6df7\u4e82\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u8017\u76e1\u5165\u4fb5\u8ecd\u968a\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u548c\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u9130\u5c45\u5011\u6703\u70ba\u53db\u4e82\u5206\u5b50\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u907f\u96e3\u6240\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u9010\u6f38\u6de1\u51fa\u6c11\u773e\u8996\u7dda\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahmad\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u201d\u5c0d\u6e38\u64ca\u6230\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f31\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u898f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\u88e1\u524a\u5f31\u66f4\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6575\u4eba\u3002\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c07\u767c\u52d5\u6230\u722d\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u9805\u79d8\u5bc6\u7684\u517c\u8077\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u4e5f\u80fd\u2026.\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u76f8\u4fe1 4000 \u842c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u6703\u88ab\u52d5\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u5f81\u670d\uff0c\u90a3\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u75f4\u5fc3\u5984\u60f3\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u53ea\u6709\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u7834\u58de\u7f8e\u8ecd\u7684\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u53db\u4e82\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u5c31\u5c07\u9054\u5230 40 \u842c\u3002\u9019\u5927\u7d04\u662f\u5728\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u9577\u905420\u5e74\u7684\u6b98\u9177\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u6230\u52dd\u7f8e\u570b\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u806f\u8ecd\u7684\u5854\u5229\u73ed\u6230\u58eb\u4eba\u6578\u768410\u500d\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u5728\u53cd\u53db\u4e82\u65b9\u9762\u6230\u7e3e\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u6230\u722d\u3001\u8d8a\u5357\u6230\u722d\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6230\u722d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f4d\u65bc\u5b89\u5927\u7565\u7701Kingston\u7684\u5973\u738b\u570b\u969b\u8207\u570b\u9632\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efbHoward Coombs\u4e5f\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u4e0d\u6703\u8017\u6642\u592a\u4e45\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5805\u6301\u8a8d\u70ba\u5165\u4fb5\u4e0d\u6703\u7279\u5225\u66b4\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u8ecd\u65b9\u5c07\u52aa\u529b\u9650\u5236\u7834\u58de\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u9020\u6210\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u4e0d\u6eff\u60c5\u7dd2\u3002\u4ed6\u88dc\u5145\u8aaa\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8ecd\u968a\u5728\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coombs\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u9678\u8ecd\u6307\u63ee\u8207\u7e3d\u53c3\u8b00\u5b78\u9662\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u6c11\u773e\u6216\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u6c11\u773e\u6bd4\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6703\u4ee5\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u842c\u7a2e\u5c0f\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u4f60\u5c0d\u6297\u7684\u6c11\u773e\u8981\u597d\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u670d\u5f79\uff0c\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u8a13\u7df4\u3002\u6211\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u88e1\u5f85\u4e86\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u4ed6\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u4ed7\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u58d3\u5012\u6027\u7684\u5175\u529b\u6253\u9032\u4f86\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u6703\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coombs\u65bc2003\u5e74\u5f9e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8ecd\u968a\u5168\u8077\u9000\u5f79\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5c0d\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u80fd\u5920\u9032\u884c\u9577\u671f\u66b4\u529b\u62b5\u6297\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8cea\u7591\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u88dc\u5145\u8aaa\uff0c\u53db\u4e82\u4e0d\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u592a\u4e45\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7269\u8cc7\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6703\u8017\u76e1\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u908a\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u9b06\u61c8\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5411\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u904b\u9001\u7269\u8cc7 \u2026. \u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u6703\u7a7f\u8d8a\u963f\u62c9\u65af\u52a0\u5411\u6211\u5011\u904b\u9001\u7269\u8cc7\u55ce?\u6211\u5011\u6703\u5f9e\u82f1\u570b\u7a7a\u6295\u7269\u8cc7\u55ce?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6Eliot Cohen\u8aaa\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u800c\u56f0\u64fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cohen\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u6574\u500b\u60f3\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u8352\u8b2c\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u9019\u500b\u611a\u8822\u7684(\u7f8e\u570b)\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u5922\u60f3\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u3002\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cohen\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7279\u6717\u666e\u7684\u865b\u5f35\u8072\u52e2\u548c\u9577\u7bc7\u5927\u8ad6\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u7576\u771f\u3002\u6211\u5c0d\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u662f\uff1a \u4e0d\u8981\u8b93\u4ed6\u6709\u751f\u6c23\u7684\u5feb\u611f\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u300a\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u300b\u96dc\u8a8c\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0cCohen\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u8abf\u4f83\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8b66\u544a\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u4e0d\u8981\u5165\u4fb5\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u51fa\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u6cae\u55aa\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u5c0d\u7f8e\u570b\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5931\u6557\u7684\u56de\u9867\u59cb\u65bc 1775 \u5e74\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7f8e\u570b\u8ecd\u968a\u5165\u4fb5\u9b41\u5317\u514b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u6563\u767c\u4e86\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u6cd5\u8a9e\u7684\u5c0f\u518a\u5b50\uff0c\u5c37\u5c2c\u5730\u5ba3\u7a31\uff1a\u4f60\u5011\u5df2\u88ab\u5f81\u670d\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\uff1a \u4f60\u5011\u5df2\u88ab\u81ea\u7531\u5f81\u670d 1775 \u5e74 12 \u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u9678\u8ecd\u4ee5\u6158\u6557\u544a\u7d42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1812 \u5e74\u6230\u722d\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u524d\u7e3d\u7d71Thomas Jefferson\u8aaa\uff0c\u5f81\u670d\u52a0\u62ff\u5927 \u201c\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u884c\u8ecd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cohen\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u9019\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u3002\u5728 1812 \u5e74\u6230\u722d\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5c0d\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u767c\u52d5\u4e86\u516b\u3001\u4e5d\u6b21\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u53ea\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u7121\u679c\u4e4b\u6230\u3002\u5176\u9918\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u88ab\u6253\u5f97\u843d\u82b1\u6d41\u6c34\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cohen\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u9084\u60f3\u63d0\u9192\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5728\u5169\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u548c\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u72a7\u7272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cohen\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u63a1\u8a2a\u6642\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u64c1\u6709 4000 \u842c\u771f\u6b63\u4e0d\u60f3\u6210\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u3002(\u5165\u4fb5)\u5c07\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u696d\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u6703\u5168\u9762\u53cd\u5c0d\u3002\u8ab0\u6703\u5e0c\u671b\u7f8e\u570b\u6709 4000 \u842c\u9032\u6b65\u4eba\u58eb\u5462?\u9019\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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